Southern+Life+in+the+1930’s

http://www.wsws.org/articles/2001/apr2001/scot-a23.shtml **__AH__**


 * 1) It was a time of racism
 * 2) farming was the most popular occupation
 * 3) most whites believed in never ending discrimination
 * 4) many whites believed that blacks needed to learn their place in society
 * 5) many younger blacks were “just trying to get by”
 * 6) most declared to be equal
 * 7) most blacks went in piece
 * 8) the older generation of blacks were OK with the current social racism
 * 9) whites told them to know there place
 * 10) the whites never told them what their place was
 * 11) whites discriminated blacks on streets
 * 12) also on railroads
 * 13) whites barred them from public buildings
 * 14) whites also had bathrooms, water fountains, etc divided into whites and blacks
 * 15) they also divided public libraries and all public amusements
 * 16) most of the KKK members are from southern areas
 * 17) mostly made up of people in the slavery era
 * 18) whites denied equal education and political rights as well
 * 19) there were other groups of whites as well
 * 20) these whites believed that blacks should not be discriminated
 * 21) but blacks should not receive equal education and political rights
 * 22) This was made up of politicians and govern workers
 * 23) There was one more group of people
 * 24) They believed that blacks were just men
 * 25) and that they were nothing more and nothing less
 * 26) they believed that blacks were just as equal
 * 27) this group said that they should be able to vote
 * 28) and also believed that they should be given equal educational rights
 * 29) that blacks should be punished the same as whites
 * 30) they believed that if this was to take effect it would end the race war
 * 31) most who believed this were harmed as if they were blacks
 * 32) there were very few who felt this way
 * 33) although this is what would eventually happen
 * 34) but as time passé more people began to feel this way and joined the group
 * 35) this made the other two classes shrink in people
 * 36) With three distinct white groups, there were also three distinct black groups
 * 37) The first class is one composed chiefly of the illiterate and superstitious blacks. They usually worked on the railroads, steamboats, large sawmills, and farms for wages
 * 38) there was another class that would act as if they were equal
 * 39) Within this class, you would find the whiskey seller, the drunkard, the gambler, and the criminal of the lowest type
 * 40) in this time period it was common for all kinds of people to use the word nigger
 * 41) this word would refer to a black person

http://kclibrary.lonestar.edu/decade30.html __**AH**__

42. In the 1930's money was low for everyone 43. everyone did what they could to get by 44. it was especially scarce for the south 45. it was more scarce for the south because there were no major businesses or cities out to the south that offered high paying jobs 46. people did what ever they could to make life fun 47. movies were just starting to get really popular 48. also board games was a new trend 49. also the radio was like a TV now a days 50. families would crowd around them to listen to sports game 51. they would also use the radio as their news source 52. The unemployment rate at this time was 25% 53. A family's average income was about 1,368$ 54. books was also like TV to us 55. it was very common for kids to not come to school at all 56. if they did some did not have the proper clothing and supplies 57. The economy got so bad at a time that teachers were only paid 40$ a month 58. this was to keep school districts running with what little money they had 59. some of this was caused because citizens were so broke that they never paid taxes 60. Baseball became a hobby to watch and play 61. more people began to stamp collect as a hobby 62. kids had more freedom to do what they wanted 63. the law was often bent 64. They used a very different lingo than we use in today's world 67. almost 80% of the population had a radio 68. the newspaper was also a source for news and sports 69. kids treated their parents with more respect 70. women's roles were to stay and cook and clean unless you were a teacher 71. this is also a time when music on the radio got very popular 72. houses were also not as big as in todays world with often a living room, 3 to 4 bedrooms, dining room, and a couple bathrooms 73. a good percent of the population in the south lived in trailer parks

Mazelis, Fred. "Documentary on Scottsboro Case Distorts 1930s Struggle against Racism in US South." //World Socialist Web Site//. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. . "American Cultural History - 1930-1939." //LSC-Kingwood Library//. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. .

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74.) With the great depression people went through many hardships 75.) Lacked industrial advancement 76.) The south was considered a economic problem 77.) Lacked in economic resources 78.) Caused by low wages, low tax revenue, and high interest rate 79.) Former slaves may have gotten the worst of it 80.) Even with their newly found freedom they suffered poverty, malnutrition and lack of housing 81.) Works Progress Administration (WPA) provided jobs for the people in the North and South 82.) There were many views on the division of races 83.) Federal writer’s project was made creating the slaves narrative collection 84.) The slave narrative collection had interviews with former slaves, but information in it was questionable 85.) Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the American South to be the number one economic problem 86.) The south was an untapped market of production and consumption 87.) There were no means to profit them without an adequate capital 88.) Southern blacks got the worse of the economic despair 89.) Any job was good to have at the time 90.) The destruction of slave society sent the farming industry into a tailspin 91.) South was rich in physical and human resources 92.) South was penalized for being rural and handicapped in it’s efforts to industrialize 93.) Former slaves were dependent on the aid of family, white people, and government officials

"Race Relations in the American South During the 1930's." //Michael Gagnon Homepage//. Web. 24 Oct. 2011. .

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94.) Government programs made for people to live through the great depression changed the future of agriculture 95.) No one had money 96.) Weather and insects destroyed crops making it hard to earn money 97.) There was found to be unpredictable weather and natural disasters 98.) Most people had no electricity and few had running water 99.) Poor sanitation caused illness 100.) Farming accidents were not uncommon 101.) The accidents and diseases claimed many lives 102.) The people in the south harvested a variety of crops 103.) Farm gardens kept rural families fed 104.) Mainly everybody had chores around the house 105.) Most chores were done daily 106.) Nothing was just thrown away, it would be reused 107.) Clothes were mostly recycled 108.) Was hard to keep food fresh without a refrigerator or electricity 109.) REA set up the electrical system 110.) Bringing electricity changed the lives of many farmers 111.) By the time electricity was really going, the 1930’s was already over 112.) People were enjoying the convenience that electricity has brought them 113.) Still found ways to have fun during the depression 114.) Radio was good way for free entertainment 115.) During the time, property taxes that supported the schools fell 116.) Most school districts didn’t have enough money to pay for teachers 117.) Sometimes teenagers would have to quit school to work on the family farm 118.) Schools were often one-roomed with a spread of several grades 119.) Some kids couldn’t finish school due to illness within the family 120.) School programs were considered the highlight of the school year 121.) Some people had lost hope in things getting better 122.) Other people gained strength from community churches 123.) Wide spread crime 124.) Labor strikes would turn violent 125.) The fact of liquor being illegal caused some of the crimes 126.) Due to the state of the south, most people moved to the west 127.) They either couldn’t pay the rent or make enough money on what little crops they salvaged 128.) Most moved toCaliforniato start a new life 129.) Machines were introduced eventually such as the tractor 130.) Most machines specialized in certain task 131.) Due to there high cost, farmers had to specialize in one crop 132.) The Federal government encouraged soil conservation methods 133.) 1933 an emergency livestock reduction was called

"Farm Life during the Great Depression." //The Wessels Living History Farm, the Story of Agricultural Innovation.// Web. 24 Oct. 2011. . [] **SR**

134.) Life was becoming an endless cycle of debt and poverty 135.) Most farmers worked as sharecroppers 136.) Barley had money for everyday necessities 137.) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) was made in 1933 138.) Led to landowners to exchange their land for funds offered be the federal government 139.) New Deal was made to end the Depression 140.) Program was designed to reduce farm output to raise the prices 141.) The consequence was the displacement of tenant farmers and sharecroppers 142.) AAA provided land owners with much needed cash 143.) The system of farm tenancy and sharecropping ended around the end of the 1930’s

"Farmers Without Land: The Plight of White Tenant Farmers And Sharecroppers." //Mississippi// //History Now//. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. [].

"The 1930's." //Kyrene// //School District// //- Redirect//. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. []. **AD**

144) the 1930’s was the time of the Great Depression 145) The Great Depression lasted from the late 1920’s all through the 1930’s 146) During this period many people were unemployed and poor. 147) During the year 1930 most farmers would get quite an amount of rain, and healthy crops 148) Once the year changed so did the weather 149) The Dust Bowl occurred, The mud dried up and turned into dust 150) The farmers heard that inCalifornia there was gold so they tried to go there 151) The dust bowl lasted until 1936 152) In 1931 the star spangled banner became our national anthem 153) Also in 1931 scientists had begun experimenting with the idea of transmitting images over long distances. 154) Tv was in its infancy in 1931 155) No one realized that in 50 years television would be the main toy and entertainment of the century. 156) Another big hit of the 1930’s was the radio 157) It was the main way to hear the news except for going into town 158) People didn’t go into town everyday 159) On May 1, 1931 the worlds tallest building, theEmpireState building was opened 160) President Hoover opened it inNew York 161) It was and still is 380 meters high and 102 stories with a solid steel frame 162) Daily life in the thirties was stressful 163) Most families would fight because the husband had no job, or there was no bread 164) The jobs were very hard to get especially in 1933 165) In 1932 presidentRoosevelt was elected 166) He was reelected in 1936 167) He built our countries economy and is many peoples favorite president 168) In 1937 the German Hindenburg air ship burned to the ground in less than 2 minutes by a spark the size of an ant 169) 33 people were killed, 12 injured, and 64 people got away not badly injured 170) There was a development of new types of fibers in the 30’s 171) In 1937 the Du Pont company in theU.S. was able to make nylon stockings for the first time but they were not yet available for the public 172) The major painting of 1937 was titled "Guernica" by Pablo Picasso. It was nearly 8 meters long. This painting reveals a bombing, while a soldier lays dead on the floor and a women is screaming wildly. 173) The famous American women pilot, Amelia Earhart, disappeared on a flight around the world in July of 1938. 174) She was two thirds of the way around when her plane was believed to crash in the middle of thePacific Ocean. 175) Hats for both men and women were popular for both day and evening wear. 176) Dresses were often cut of the bias to allow a smoother drape of the fabric 177) Women wore long halter topped dresses, lace frocks, negligees, and corsets. 178) Men wore suits with a matching top hat and over coats 179) During the 1930’s there were many choices for entertainment, whether it was Snow white or some superhero. 180) Most children liked to listen to the radio with "Little Orphan Annie", the brave detective child with a wild imagination. 181) The adults liked the movie, Gone With the Wind, a Civil War romance story, with "The King of Hollywood," Clark Gable 182) Shirley Temple was a big name in the 30’s, she starred in the following: Now and Forever, Little Miss Marker, and Bright Eyes. 183) The Wizard of Oz made its screen debut in 1939. 184) Adolph Hitler had been persecuting the Jews for almost 15 years 185) Frank and many of the other Jews were forced to endure Hitler's Concentration Camps 186) More than half of the people turned ill, died, or were killed by the Nazis in the Concentration Camps. 187) Pluto was discovered in 1930 188) In 1931 there was the first clinical use of Penicillin. 189) In 1937 there was insulin to control diabetes 190) This quote was spoken by Albert Einstein in 1930: “The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the source of all true art and science.”

"1930s History including Popular Culture, Prices, Events, Technology and Inventions." //Where People, History and Memories Join Together from The People History Site//. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. []. **AD**

191) Population: 123,188,000 in 48 states 192) Life Expectancy: Male, 58.1; Female, 61.6 193) Average salary: 1,368 194) Unemployment rises to 25% 195) Huey Long propses a guaranteed annual income of $2,500 196) Car Sales: 2,787,400 197) Food Prices: Milk, 14 cents a qt.; Bread, 9 cents a loaf; Round Steak, 42 cents a pound 198) Mary McLeod Bethune a very influential African American woman educator and friend of Eleanor Roosevelt who, as a board member of the National Youth Administration, was able to extend benefits to African Americans. 199) Richard E. Byrd. a famous explorer of the Antarctic and Arctic whose 1933-35 expedition toAntarctica conducted many scientific search projects. 200) Father Charles E. Coughlin a Catholic priest who gathered a large following of all denominations with his radio broadcasts; an earlyRoosevelt supporter, he later came to vilify the President and oppose his programs 201) Mildred Babe Didrikson considered by many to be the finest woman athlete of all time, she won medals or distinction in such varied sports as baseball, basketball, track and field, and golf. 202) Karl Menninger an American psychiatrist whose book “The Human Mind” had a great effect on public attitudes toward mental illness. 203) Jesse Owens an African American athlete who won four gold medals in track-and-field at the 1936 Olympics inBerlin and put to shame Hitler's Aryan superiority message 204) Frances Perkinson the first woman cabinet member who advocated the 8 hour day, stricter factory safety laws, and laws for the protection of women and children in the labor force. 205) WillRogers a homespun philosopher who began his career as anOklahoma cowboy. Well loved and respected radio commentator, film actor, and author 206) Parents were unable to provide their children with the necessary clothes, supplies, and textbooks (which were not furnished in some states) to attend school. 207) The famous Dick and Jane books that taught millions of children to read were first published in 1931 208) In 1935 Parker Brothers introduced the game of monopoly and 20 thousand sets were sold in one week 209) The use of the zipper became wide spread for the first time because it was less expensive than the buttons and closures previously used. 210) Men’s pants were wide and high wasted 211) Radio reached its zenith of popularity in this decade. By 1939 about 80 percent of the population owned radio sets. 212) Pure scientific research suffered from the lack of funding. 213) Hollywood turned out movie after movie to entertain its Depression audience and the 30's are often referred to as “Hollywood’s Golden Age”