Amaru+H.

Citation: "Jack London." //Www.kirjasto.sci.fi//. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. .


 * 1) Farm boy at age of seven
 * 2) At age 10 sold newspapers on the street
 * 3) Worked on an ice wagon
 * 4) Worked in a bowling alley
 * 5) Worked in a cannery
 * 6) Became a member of the Fish Patrol
 * 7) Spent 7 months at sea on a three-masted sealer
 * 8) Worked in a jute mill
 * 9) Worked in a laundry
 * 10) Shoveled coal for Oakland electric railway power plant
 * 11) Worked as a roustabout
 * 12) Tramped across country
 * 13) Thrown in prison 30 days hard labor at Niagara Falls
 * 14) Attended Oakland High School while working as a janitor
 * 15) Became known as Oakland's "Boy Socialist" at nineteen
 * 16) Attended University of California at Berkeley
 * 17) Called "American Kipling" at twenty-four
 * 18) Renown author, social crusader, journalist, world traveler and correspondent at thirty-one
 * 19) Prizewinning stockbreeder – scientific farmer at thirty-five
 * 20) Self-made millionaire by the time of his death at forty

Citation: "Klondike Gold Rush Yukon Territory 1897." //ADVENTURE LEARNING FOUNDATION = Online Learning Expeditions//. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].
 * 1) The Klondike gold rush began in July of 1897
 * 2) miners of all shapes and sizes, called "stampeders", were on their way to the gold fields
 * 3) approximately 100,000 gold-seekers in 6 months
 * 4) Only 30,000 completed the trip.
 * 5) Outfitters sprang up overnight that were happy to sell the stampeders whatever they needed to get started.
 * 6) Northwest Mounted Police who required all stampeders to have one year’s supply of goods before they allowed them across the border
 * 7) There was roughly one ton of goods per person
 * 8) Towns such as Seattle made fortunes outfitting the miners.
 * 9) one supply was flat sleighs
 * 10) The easiest and more expensive route to the gold fields was by boat upstream from the mouth of the Yukon in western Alaska.
 * 11) The most common route taken by the stampeders to reach the fields was by boat from the west coast of the continental U.S. to Skagway in Alaska
 * 12) The Chilkoot Pass trail was steep and hazardous
 * 1,500 steps carved out of snow and ice worked their way to the top of the pass.
 * 1) Stampeders who gave up often did it here, discarding their unneeded equipment on the side of the trail.
 * 2) Conditions on the White Pass trail were even more horrendous.
 * 3) Many miners lost their lives or their possessions when their boats broke up in the rapids.
 * 4) Most of the gold was not at the surface, but rather 10 or more feet below.
 * 5) The ground had to be thawed before it could be dug
 * 6) Winter tempatures were -60°F
 * 7) The only ones to strike it rich were the merchants and profiteers who took advantage of those who hoped to "get rich quick".

"Unique Facts about Canada: Klondike Gold Rush." //Sheppard Software: Fun Free Online Learning Games and Activities for Kids.// Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].
 * 1) On August 16, 1896, they discovered rich placer gold deposits in Bonanza Creek.
 * 2) George Carmack was officially credited for the discovery
 * 3) Eldorado and Hunker Creeks were rapidly staked by miners
 * 4) News reached the United States on July 17, 1897
 * 5) and within a month the Klondike stampede had begun.
 * 6) The population in the Klondike in 1898 may have reached 40,000
 * 7) Stampeders had to carry one ton of goods over the pass to be allowed to enter Canada.
 * 8) the stampeders encountered a Mountie post that enforced that regulation
 * 9) The Chilkoot Pass was steep and hazardous, rising a thousand feet in the last half mile
 * 10) White pass was known as the Dead Horse Trail with about 3,000 animals dying along the route.
 * 11) Others took the Copper River Trail or the Teslin Trail by Stikine River and Teslin Lake
 * 12) some used the all-Canadian Ashcroft and Edmonton trails
 * 13) Some of those who joined the gold rush were already famous
 * 14) An estimated 100,000 people participated in the gold rush and about 30,000 made it
 * 15) By 1901, when the first census was taken, the population had declined to 9,000.
 * 16) Among the many to take part in the gold rush was writer Jack London
 * 17) __**White Fang and The Call of the Wild were influenced by his northern experiences**__
 * 18) The newspapers of the time termed this phenomenon "Klondicitis"
 * 19) The publicity around the gold rush led to a flurry of branded goods being put onto the market
 * 20) Guidebooks of a more or less serious nature were published

Stasz, Dr. Clarice. "Jack London: Biography." //The Jack London Online Collection//. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].
 * 1) John Griffith London (1876-1916) was born in San Francisco
 * 2) Jack was raised through infancy by an ex-slave
 * 3) Late in 1876, Flora married John London, a partially disabled Civil War veteran.
 * 4) the boy adopted the name of Jack
 * 5) He pirated for oysters on San Francisco Bay
 * 6) returned to attend high school at age 19
 * 7) became acquainted with socialism and was known as the Boy Socialist of Oakland
 * 8) He would run unsuccessfully several times on the socialist ticket as mayor
 * 9) He studied other writers and began to submit stories, jokes, and poems to various publications, mostly without success
 * 10) Spending the winter of 1897 in the Yukon provided the metaphorical gold for his first stories
 * 11) //The Call of the Wild// (1903) brought him lasting fame
 * 12) He was instrumental in breaking the taboo over leprosy and popularizing Hawaii as a tourist spot.
 * 13) London was among the most publicized figures of his day
 * 14) was among the first writers to work with the movie industry
 * 15) He was also one of the first celebrities to use his endorsement for commercial products
 * 16) contradictory themes in his life and writing make him a difficult figure to reduce to simple terms
 * 17) He brought to California techniques observed in Japan
 * 18) he had two daughters
 * 19) during his thirties London developed kidney disease
 * 20) He died of renal failure on November 22, 1916