Nicci+C.

"Klondike Gold Rush Yukon Territory 1897." //ADVENTURE LEARNING FOUNDATION = Online Learning Expeditions//. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].


 * 1) Klondikegold rush began in July of 1897
 * 2) 2 ships docked inSan FranciscoandSeattle, carrying miners returning fromYukonwith bags of gold
 * 3) Miners called “stampeders” went to the gold fields
 * 4) Northwest Mounted Police required all stampeders to have one years supply of goods before they allowed them to cross the border
 * 5) Six months later, 100,000 gold-seekers set off for theYukonand only 30,000 completed the trip
 * 6) Easiest route to gold field was by boat upstream from the mouth ofYukonin westernAlaska
 * 7) Difficult route was “All Canadian Route” fromEdmontonand overland through the wilderness
 * 8) Chilkoot pass was steep and hazardous
 * 9) White Passtrail was terrible; steep, narrow and slick, over 3,000 pack animals died on the trail causing it to be known as the “dead horse trail”
 * 10) Once past the trail, made it toBennettLake
 * 11) 3 week trip, miners had to survive rapids before making it toDawsonCity
 * 12) Most of the gold was not at the surface, but was 10 or more feet below
 * 13) To reach it, miners had to dig through permafrost (frozen ground) and first it had to be thawed out
 * 14) Then dirt had to be brushed how to separate it from the gold; had to be done in the summer
 * 15) Only ones who got rich were the merchants and profiteers who took advantage of those who hoped “to get rich quick”
 * 16) Also calledYukongold rush
 * 17) Roughly one ton of good per person
 * 1,500 steps carved out of snow and ice worked their way to the top of the pass
 * 1) Many miners lost their lives or possessions when their boats broke up in the rapids
 * 2)  Winter temps were -60 °F

"Call of the Wild Background | GradeSaver." //Study Guides & Essay Editing | GradeSaver//. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].
 * 1) Jack London spent a single winter in the Canadian North during the Klondike Gold Rush of 1897-1898.
 * 2) When he returned, he claimed to have come upon a mythic wolf which inspired the character of Buck.
 * 3) Whether or not London was speaking of a true encounter, his experiences with the Gold Rush provided the inspiration for a tale of resilience and exploration.
 * 4) Much of the story takes place in Alaska, traveling between Dawson and Skagway.
 * 5) The discovery of gold prompted a mass exodus to the Klondike, where gold was hypothetically free for the taking.
 * 6) The town of Dawson became the heart of the Gold Rush
 * 7) In 1886, Captain Moore, a citizen of Canada who had been prospecting for gold in the Canadian northwest, discovered a trail he called the "White Pass."
 * 8) This trail allowed for the transportation of supplies, correspondence, and men into the Alaskan interior, and it lead directly to Dawson.
 * 9) In reality, the journey to the Klondike was a dangerous and expensive undertaking.
 * 10) Canadian law stated that gold-seekers could only enter the territory if they entered with a year's worth of provisions.
 * 11) law was rigidly enforced by police patrols.
 * 12) the journey to the Klondike by ship was so dangerous that many threw supplies overboard to lighten the load.
 * 13) Once the ships had landed, the journey grew no easier.
 * 14) Numerous memoirs and diaries remain from the men and women who toiled over the icy trail in that year.
 * 15) Their accounts of the journey between Skaguay and Dawson are the best source of what life was like on an expedition.
 * 16) Writings speak of rugged canyons, boldly ascending mountains, and projecting cliffs.
 * 17) Jack London borrowed money from his sister to make the trip.
 * 18) On one hand he was spurred on by poverty, for America was in the throes of the Great Depression.
 * 19) On the other hand, he sought adventure and inspiration.
 * 20) London did not strike it rich in the Klondike, he found the inspiration he was seeking, and that impetus would lead to tremendous success and certain amount of fortune.

Stasz, Dr. Clarice. "Jack London: Biography." //The Jack London Online Collection//. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].
 * 1) Farm boy at age of seven
 * 2) At age 10 sold newspapers on the street
 * 3) Worked on an ice wagon
 * 4) Worked in a bowling alley
 * 5) Worked in a cannery
 * 6) Became a member of the Fish Patrol
 * 7) Spent 7 months at sea on a three-masted sealer
 * 8) Worked in a jute mill
 * 9) Worked in a laundry
 * 10) Shoveled coal forOaklandelectric railway power plant
 * 11) Worked as a roustabout
 * 12) Tramped across country
 * 13) Thrown in prison 30 days hard labor atNiagara Falls
 * 14) AttendedOaklandHigh Schoolwhile working as a janitor
 * 15) Became known asOakland's "Boy Socialist" at nineteen
 * 16) AttendedUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley
 * 17) Called "American Kipling" at twenty-four
 * 18) Renown author, social crusader, journalist, world traveler and correspondent at thirty-one
 * 19) Prizewinning stockbreeder – scientific farmer at thirty-five
 * 20) Self-made millionaire by the time of his death at forty

"Unique Facts about Canada: Klondike Gold Rush." //Sheppard Software: Fun Free Online Learning Games and Activities for Kids.// Web. 29 Nov. 2011. [].


 * 1) On August 16, 1896, they discovered rich placer gold deposits in Bonanza Creek.
 * 2) George Carmack was officially credited for the discovery
 * 3) Eldorado and Hunker Creeks were rapidly staked by miners
 * 4) News reached the United States on July 17, 1897
 * 5) and within a month the Klondike stampede had begun.
 * 6) The population in the Klondike in 1898 may have reached 40,000
 * 7) Stampeders had to carry one ton of goods over the pass to be allowed to enter Canada.
 * 8) the stampeders encountered a Mountie post that enforced that regulation
 * 9) The Chilkoot Pass was steep and hazardous, rising a thousand feet in the last half mile
 * 10) White pass was known as the Dead Horse Trail with about 3,000 animals dying along the route.
 * 11) Others took the Copper River Trail or the Teslin Trail by Stikine River and Teslin Lake
 * 12) some used the all-Canadian Ashcroft and Edmonton trails
 * 13) Some of those who joined the gold rush were already famous
 * 14) An estimated 100,000 people participated in the gold rush and about 30,000 made it
 * 15) By 1901, when the first census was taken, the population had declined to 9,000.
 * 16) Among the many to take part in the gold rush was writer Jack London
 * 17) White Fang and The Call of the Wild were influenced by his northern experiences
 * 18) The newspapers of the time termed this phenomenon "Klondicitis"
 * 19) The publicity around the gold rush led to a flurry of branded goods being put onto the market
 * 20) Guidebooks of a more or less serious nature were published